Shale Loading Crushing

Dynamic mechanical behavior and damage constitutive …

Table 4 presents the fracture size distribution of shale after impact loading, the fragmentation of samples increases gradually and the crushing size decreases as the increase of strain rate level. At all strain rate levels, the absorption energy of shale with 0° bedding is the maximum, the size after failure is the minimum, the absorption ...

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Conductivity Evolution in Propped Fractures During …

Propped shale fracture conductivity decreases as the effective pressure increases. Stress sensitivity reduces with increasing effective stress. Reduced proppant …

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Crushing and embedment of proppant packs under cyclic …

In realistic deep reservoir conditions, proppants can be assumed to withstand high closure stresses by rearranging as a pack. The stresses within proppant packs …

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Crack classification and evolution in anisotropic shale during …

In this study we determine the crack modes and evolution in anisotropic shale under cyclic loading using the acoustic emission (AE) parameter-analysis method based on the average frequency and RA (rise-time/amplitude) value. ... Because compacted anisotropic shale has low porosity, pore crushing cannot be the main factor in rock …

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Oil Shale Crushing and Its …

Geological bodies are important sources of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Organic-rich oil shale in sedimentary basins is a good gas source rock, the GHG in which will be released into the atmosphere during crushing to affect climate change. Quantitative calculations of GHG emissions during oil shale crushing were carried out on oil shales …

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Dynamic mechanical properties and constitutive model of …

(9) D = {0 ε ≤ ε t h 1 − exp [− (ε − ε t h) m α] ε > ε t h (10) σ a = (1 − D) σ r Where D is the damage variable, α and m are material constant, which determined by the material properties, shape of shale and loading rate. ε t h is the critical strain which indicate that the cumulative damage has reached the critical value ...

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Crushing and embedment of proppant packs under cyclic …

To investigate the impact of surface roughness on proppant crushing and its effect on fracture conductivity in Shale Gas Formations, laboratory conductivity …

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Oil Shale Crushing and Its …

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Effect of Proppant Damages on Fracture Conductivity and …

Shale gas production for the Appalachian basin was 33 billion cubic feet per day in 2022 according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Horizontal wells with efficient and effective hydraulic fracture stimulation enabled economic recovery in shale gas reservoirs. However, ultimate gas recovery is still low due to the dynamics of …

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Thermal–Mechanical Modeling of a Rock/Proppant System …

Under high temperature and stress reservoir conditions, proppant embedment induced by the time-dependent creep behavior of shale rocks has posed great challenges to the long-term maintenance of fracture conductivity in unconventional reservoirs. In this study, a numerical workflow combining a 3D continuum–discrete …

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Machine Learning-Based Propped Fracture Conductivity …

Shale and proppant properties combined control the propped fracture conductivity along with the closure stress. 7,8 When the proppant load is low, the conductivity is mainly controlled by the shale properties. Contrary to the high proppant load, the proppant characteristics become more important in determining the fracture …

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Study on the Durability of High-Content Oil Shale Concrete

This study evaluated the potential and environmental benefits of using oil shale residue as a replacement for fine aggregate in concrete through a series of experiments. Initially, the crushing value test confirmed the oil shale residue's value at 16.7%, meeting the load-bearing standards for fine aggregates, thus proving its viability …

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions during Oil Shale Crushing and Its …

The YJ oil shale plant extracts (crushes) approximately 1 million tons/year of oil shale annually, so the annual CH 4 and CO 2 emissions from crushing are 33 and 54 t/y, respectively. The average CH 4 and CO 2 emissions during the crushing process of the FS oil shale are 0.0005 m 3 /t and 0.021 m 3 /t, respectively.

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A comprehensive review of proppant embedment in shale …

Complementary to the basic analytical methods discussed above, numerical modeling can consider more complex conditions and processes, such as material …

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Cyclic loading tests on sandstone and limestone shale …

Cyclic loading involves large irreversible deformations that lead to premature failures at stress levels much less than the peak strength determined under monotonic loading. Show abstract In order to study the deformation behavior of fine-grained sandstone subjected to cyclic loading, a series of triaxial cyclic compression tests were …

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The Role of Shale Pores in Settlement

This degradation is the result of slaking and point load crushing. Slaking takes place when the shales absorb water. Point load crushing is the result of gravity-induced loads that the individual fragments exert on each other at their points of contact. The slaked and crushed material fill the void spaces between the intact shale fragments.

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Influence of Shale Mineral Composition and Proppant Filling …

Shale reservoirs typically exhibit high density, necessitating the use of horizontal wells and hydraulic fracturing techniques for efficient extraction. Proppants are commonly employed in hydraulic fracturing to prevent crack closure. However, limited research has been conducted on the impact of shale mineral composition and proppant …

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Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Casing Collapse

Shale gas as a new type of clean energy, has attracted wide attention at home and abroad. ... results show that casing deformation is the result of both strength weakening and load variation. Prestressing in wellbore, casing wear and temperature effect lead to the casing strength decrease, while in-situ stress change and cement sheath …

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On the packing and crushing of granular materials

The importance of crushing in sands for example has long been acknowledged; when a sand is subjected to monotonic increasing stress (normal compression), it is well known that after a high enough stress is reached, particle crushing begins and causes a permanent decrease in volume (e.g. Nakata et al., 2001). Particle …

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Red Shale

Want Red Shale delivered to your job-site or home? We offer delivery for all our aggregates and materials. Don't hesitate to give our experinced team a call at 570-721-2606 to find the material that best suites the demands of your project. Where does Stagecoach Crushing deliver too? The main locations we service are listed bellow.

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Effect of normal load and shearing velocity on the interface …

A negative correlation was observed between the coefficient of friction and the magnitude of normal load from organic shale-proppant interface shearing tests. ... studied the crushing behavior of ...

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Dynamic mechanical behavior and damage constitutive …

The process of shale gas exploitation mainly involves dynamic load disturbance such as engineering blasting and hydraulic fracturing (Jin et al. 2018; Suo et …

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Interdependence between point load index, compressive …

Moreover, the maximum compressive strength with better interlocking of Ma′quan oil shale occurred when the loading angle with respect to the bedding planes was equal to 75°, whereas previous ...

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Research on Casing Deformation Prevention Technology of a …

Liu et al. thought that shale sliding, cement failure and micro-annuli caused by hydraulic fracturing of a shale gas well might generate local load, which ... Using PFC software, the discrete-element model of modified cement slurry is established, and the crushing forms of cement slurry with formation slip of 5 mm, 10 mm, ...

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(PDF) Utilising selective extraction, crushing and separation …

Because the material is crushed to uniform size while loading, more material per dump truck is 26th Annual General Meeting & Conference – SOMP 2015 Utilising selective extraction, crushing and possible to load compared to conventional raw unprocessed run of mine. Jigging could be used for separating oil shale and limestone.

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Crack classification and evolution in anisotropic shale during …

The evolution of the crack mode in the shale specimens observed in the loading–unloading sequence except for the first cycle can be divided into three stages: …

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Proppant-Conductivity Testing Under Simulated Reservoir

The normalized compaction for Eagle Ford shale platens is 20% more than Vaca Muerta platens because of greater proppant embedment. Particle-size analysis …

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Experimental study on shale-breaking of special-shaped …

we research the crushing process, cutting load, and crushing energy consumption and conducted eld testing of the anomalous cutter bit to deepen our understanding of the process of shale crushing with anomalous cutter. The research results are of great signicance in promoting the development of shale-rock-breaking tools. 2 Mechanical …

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XFEM-based numerical modeling of well performance …

decrease as a result of the proppant deformation, embedment, crushing, and shale creep (Lacy et al., 1997; Li et al., 2015; Zhang, 2014) in the presence of the closure stress. During the process of flowback and gas production, the increase of closure stress due to the decrease of reservoir pressure may further reduce the propped fracture width. ...

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AADE-12-FTCE-05 Shale Shaker Screen Designation

technology advancements in shale shakers and shale both shaker screens. However, describing increasingly complex shale shaker screens has become more complicated as well. Screen Designation History volume distribution of all the opening sizes present in that Although the first drilling fluid screening devices came on the scene in the early 1930 ...

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